Determine Whether the Following Pairs of Elements Can Form Ionic Compounds
Ionic compounds
When a metal chemical element reacts with a non-metal chemical element an ionic compound is formed. An agreement of the way the elements are bonded allows the states to explain their typical properties.
Forming ions
Ions are electrically charged particles formed when atoms lose or gain electrons . This loss or proceeds leaves a full outer beat, so the electronic structure of an ion is the same equally that of a element of group 0 (such as helium, neon or argon).
Metallic atoms and non-metal atoms exercise unlike things when they ionise.
Metal atoms lose the electron, or electrons, in their highest energy level and become positively charged ions .
Non-metal atoms proceeds an electron, or electrons, to become negatively charged ions .
Charges on ions
There is a quick mode to work out what the accuse on an ion should be:
- the number of charges on an ion formed past a metal is equal to the group number of the metal
- the number of charges on an ion formed by a non-metal is equal to the group number minus eight
- hydrogen forms H + ions
| Grouping ane | Group 2 | Grouping 3 | Grouping 4 | Group 5 | Group half-dozen | Group 7 | Group 0 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case element | Na | Mg | Al | C | N | O | Cl | He |
| Charge | + | 2+ | 3+ | Note 1 | three- | 2- | - | Note 2 |
| Symbol of ion | Na + | Mg ii+ | Al three+ | Notation 1 | Northward 3- | O 2- | Cl - | Note 2 |
Notation 1 : Carbon and silicon in Group iv commonly form covalent bonds past sharing electrons.
Notation 2 : The elements in Group 0 do not react with other elements to form ions.
Knowing the charges on the ions allows y'all to work out the formula of an ionic compound . For example, any compound of an chemical element in Group ii with an chemical element in Group 7 volition need ii of the Group 7 ions (Ten - ) to balance the two positive charges on the Group 2 ion (M ii+ ). The formula will therefore be MX two .
Oxidation and reduction
When something loses electrons we say that information technology has been oxidised . When something gains electrons, we say it has been reduced . This is easy to remember, using the mnemonic OIL RIG : O xidation I southward L oss of electrons, R eduction I due south Thou own of electrons.
And then in ionic bonding, the metals are oxidised and the non-metals are reduced.
Source: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/ztr8nbk/revision/1
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